Elastic-fluid turbine.



-UNITED s'rATEsirENT oEEIoE.

PAUL o. 'osoANYAn or NEWARK,

NEW JERsExAssieNoR 'oE oNE- FOURTH TO THE. ADAMS BAGNALL ELECTRIC COMPANY, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO, AND ONE-FOURTH TO GEORGEA. THOMSON,

OF SOMERVILLE, NEW JERSEY.

l Specification of Letters Patent.

v Patented Jan. 23, 1906.

Ap'pu'catan'iea .my 10,1905. serial No. 269,034.

`lb rtZZ'wv/ont itmaycancermf l Be it 'known that I, PAUL' C. OSCANYAN, a` resident of Newark, in 'the county of Essex and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Elastic- FluidTurbines; and I do hereby declare the following to be a' full, clear,v and exact description of thel invention, such as will enable oth- Q of uid or horizontal flow, with several an;

nular chambers for transforming pressure into kinetic energy and a single series of buckets or varies at the outlet of each chamber forabsorbing the `kinetic energy.

, `A further' objectv is to provide means for regulating the pressureof the elastic fluid in.

Y each annular chamber, and, further,'to provide a port or hole in the rotary element. of the radial-flow type to equalize the pressure 'on both sides of said rotary member, and,

finally, to provide a turbine having a minimum-number of parts and 'simple construction, and at the same time to provide a turbine 'having the highest possible efiiciency.

. VV'ith this object in View the invention consists of certain novel features ot' construction, combin ations,'and arrangements of parts, as will be more fully hereinafter described, and pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure lis. a View in vertical cross-section, illustrating my improvements. .Fig 2 is a fragmentary face view. of the rotary element. Fig. 3 is a fragmentary face viewof 'the stationary element. Fig. 4 shows an enlarged view of the buckets, which may be constructed in either of the forms shown. Fig. 5 is alongitudinal section illustratingr a modification. Fig. 6 is a vertical crosssection illustrating a modifica-v tion. where two series of moving buckets and 'one set of stationary buckets are' utilized to absorb the kinetic energy developed by each annular chamber. Fig. 7 is a fragmentary face view of the rotating element. Fig. 8 is ment 4, mounted in the casing. This rotary element L is of circular form and is provided at intervals on both sides with series of buckets' 5, there being five series of these buckets sho'Wn, although a greater or lesser number may be employed, if desired. The rotary element4 and the casing 1 are so shaped as to iform inlet compartments or chambers 8 at the center of the turbine around shaft 3, and inlets 8a are provided in the casing to admit steam thereto. -Ports or holes 8b are provided -for exactly equalizing the pressure of botli sides of the rotary element. The casing sides and 'the rotary element lare so shaped as. to form in advance of each series of buckets or vanes on the rotating element annular chambers 9 for transforming pressure into kinetic energy and annular receiving-chambers 10,. each transforming-chamber, series of vanes, vand receiving-chamber constituting a unit, which is duplicated, each 4unit from the axis outward increasing in area in proportion tol the voiume of the'elastic fluid as it is expanded from pressure into kinetic energy, the elastic iiuid finally exhausting through outlet 11. 'E acb of the receiving-chambers "10 is Y connected by pipes 12 withinlet-chambers 8, and cocks 1 3 are provided in said pipes to regulate. the supplyor pressure'to and .from the transforming-chambers and are also used to properlybalance the pressure of the elastic uidthroughout the turbine.

' The operation of my improvements is as follows: Steam is admitted at the inlets 8 8BL tothe annular chambers 8 on each side of theV rotating element at a'pressure of, say, one hundred and fifty pounds. It is then adiabatically expanded in the first annular chamber 9 to, say, one hundred pounds, and the kinetic energy developedis impinged upon the row of buckets or vanes at the outlet of the chamber, `causing a rotary motion tobe imparted tothe rotating element, and thereby to the shaft. -The steam' then enters the receivingchamber andis'further expanded into kinetic energy in the next annular chamber and absorbed asV before. peated throughoutthe turbine until it is finally exhausted at 11. l

Thesel processes are re- IOO In the lmodification shown in Fig. 5 my invention is disclosed upon -a horizontal-How turbine, in which steam enters at l'and exhausts at 15. The kinetic energy is developed and absorbed in the same manner as in the.

ceived from the first series to the last series i in each unit or stage.

Various other changes might be resorted to in the relative arrangement of parts shown and described without departing from the spirit and scope of my invention. Hence I would have it understood that I do not Wish to confine myself tothe exact construction shown and described; but, 1

Having fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Let- 1. In' an elastic-iiuidturbine, a combination of a rotary element and a series of annular chambers, eachchamber being constructed to transform pressure into kinetic energy and discharge it against asingle row of buckets --upon the rotary element.

2. In an elastic-fluid turbine, the combination of a rotary element, several rows of buckets on said rotating element, and annular chambers formed between the stationary and rotary members on opposite -sides ofeaclifseries of buckets, said chambers being constructed to transform pressure intoI kinetic energy and compel theb'uckets to absorb the kinetic energy developed by said chambers.

3. In a turbine, the combination of a'rotary element having several rows of buckets, a stationaryelement` and said elements secon-.-

structedas to form annular chambers between them constructed to transform pressure into kinetic energy between each series of buckets.

4:.A radial-now turbine,the combination of a rotary element, several rows of buckets on saidrotating element and annular chamn bers formed betweenthe stationary and rotary members on opposite sides o f eachseriesof buckets, said chambers being constructed to 'transform pressure into kinetic energy and.

compel the buckets to absorb the -kinetic energy developed by said chambers.

-5. In a radialdi'ow turbine, the-combination of a rotating' element, several series of buckets thereon and a stationary element forminga series of concentric annular chambers for transforming pressure into kinetic energy between said' series of buckets, said chambers increasing in area from the axis to the peripherybf the rotating element.

6. In an elastic-uidturbinc, the combination lof aseries of annular chambersdesigned to transform pressure into kinetic energy, each chamber discharging against a single row of buckets and each chamber having for adjusting the -pressure therein.'

- buckets, and each' chamber having Y,of an alternatefseries of annularchambers a by-pass 7; Ina radial-How uturbine the combination chamber dischargingagains't a single row of a by-pass for adjusting the pressure therein.V 1

8.' In an elastic-Huid turbine the combinationof'annular chambersformed between the stationary and rotary members for transforming pressure into kinetic energy,'discharging into receiving-chambers of approximately'the same pressureand buckets to absorb the kinetic energy.

9. 'Inan'elastic-iiuid turbine the combination of an alternate seriesof annular chamf "bers formed between the stationaryl and rotary v'members constructed to transformpressure into'kinetic energy, and receiving-chambers and buckets to absorb thekinetic energy.

l0. n a radial-now turbine the combination formedbetween the stationary and rotary. members constructed to transform pressure into kineticenergy, andreceiving-chambers and buckets to absorb the kineticenergy.

l1. The combination of an elastic-fluid turbine in which the rotating and stationary elements form chambers constructed to transv form pressure into kinetic energy,v and receiving-chambers and buckets to absorbithe kinetic energy. 12. Thecombinationofaradial-flow turbine sure int-o kinetic energy, and receiving-chambersand buckets to-absorb the kinetic energy. 13. In anelastic-uidturbinethe combination of a rotary member Withiseveral series of buckets-mounted-thereon, constructed so that each series of buckets .rotates in azchamber Aformed between the' stationary andy rotary members andfreceiving direct impactfof the elastic fluid from *annular chambers formed betvveen'th'el stationary and rotary members constructed totransform pressure into kinetic energy.

` in which the rotatingv and stationary elements yform chambers constructed totransform pres- IOC 14. In a radial-now turbine the combination l of a rotary member with several seriesof buckets mounted thereon, constructed so that each series of buckets rotates in a chamber formed between the stationary and rotary members from chambersfformed :between the stationary and reciving direct' impact of-the elastic Huid and rotary members constructed .to transform pressure-into kinetic energy;

15. In an elastic-fl uid 'turbine the combinatio'n of a rotary member with severalfseri'es of buckets constructed so that eachseries of'buckets rotates in a chamber formed betweenthe' stationary and rotary members' andreceiving direct i'mpactof the elastic Huid' from an' annular chamber formed between' thestationary and rotary members constructed lto transform pressure into kinetic energy'.- 11;

,16. In a radial-How turbine the combination of a rotary member Witliseve'ral series of buckets constructed so that eachseries of buckets rotates in a chamber formed between the sta- "tionarv and rotary members and receiving di-v rect impact ot' the-elastic Vfluid froman annu- -larchamber formed between the stationary androtary members constructed to transformpressue into kinetic energy. i l

17. In an elastic-fluid turbine, the combina'- tion of a. rotary element, having.buckets anda port or holefor equalizing the pressure on both sides, land a series of. a'nnular chambers c ontricted to adiabatically expandv the lelastic u1 f u x 18. In a turbine, the combination of a rotating element having a port"l orv hole for equalizing the pressure on both sides,',and a series of buckets on said rotating element', and annular chambers on oppositesides 'of the buckets con-l structed to adiabatical ly expand the elastic Aiiuid land compel the buckets to absorb the kinetic energy developed by said chambers.

19. In a turbine, the combinationof a rotatingelement, having a port or hole for equalizing the pressure on both. sides, a' stationary element, and said elements -so constructed as to formv annular chambers to adiabatically e1;-v

pand the elastic Huid.

20. yIn a radial-How turbine,the combination of a stationaryelement, a rotaryelement having-buckets and a port 'or hole for equalizing thepressure on both sides, and both elements` constructed to form between them annular charlnbers to adiabatically expand the elastic fluit. t

21. In aradial-flow` tu rbine,the combination of a casing, and a shaft therein, of a rotary element having a port o'r hole for equalizing` the pressure on both sides, in the casing secured on thc shaft, several series of buckets on both sides of therotary element, and said rotary element and casing so constructed as to form annular chambers' at each series of buckets. to adiabatically expandthe elastic fluid.

In a radial-flow turbine,the combination of a rotating element having buckets and a port or'hQlefor equalizirig the pressureV on both I y sides, and stationary elements forminga series of annular chambers forfthe adiabatic expansion'of steam,l said chambers increasing in area from theaxis to the perinherv'of the rotating element..

' 23. In a'tu rbine, the combination of buckets and two independent sets 'of-annular chambers 4Jfor transformingpressure into kinetic energy,

'formed between thepstationary-and rotary members, annular receivingfchambers and Cmeans for equaliz'ing pressure between any `annular receiving-cliamber-on one side and the corresponding-'annular receiving-chamber ofthe other side. ,t i

'24. In aradialfow turbine the combination of a rotary member balanced against pressure by-means of a portor hole in said rotary member, each'side of said stationary .and rotating .member forming a series of annular chambers Aconstructed-to adiabatically expand the elastic of annular chambers constructed to adiabatically" expand the elastic fluid, each chamber lhav ing a ley-pass by which'the pressure there-- in may be adjustedf l In testimony whereof I have signed' this ing witnesses.

BAUL c; oscANYAN.

. Witnesses: v

C. F. SMITH,

i M. KrNG'.

. 85 specification in the'presence o'ftwo subscrib. 

